益气养阴合剂中10种有效成分的含量测定

目的：建立同时测定益气养阴合剂中丹参酮ⅡA、丹酚酸A、丹酚酸B、毛蕊异黄酮、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、五味子醇甲、五味子醇乙、五味子甲素、五味子乙素、丹皮酚含量的方法。方法：采用Hedera C₁₈ ODS-2色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm），以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液梯度为流动相，柱温30℃，流速1.0 mL·min^-1，检测波长215nm。结果：毛蕊异黄酮、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、丹皮酚、五味子醇甲、五味子醇乙、五味子甲素、五味子乙素、丹参酮ⅡA、丹酚酸A、丹酚酸B浓度分别在2.93~62.76（r=0.999 6）、2.53~54.06（r=0.999 9）、2.78~59.64（r=0.999 9）、2.72~58.38（r=0.999 2）、2.79~59.76（r=0.999 6）、2.87~61.44（r=0.999 7）、2.61~63.66（r=0.999 2）、2.28~48.78（r=0.999 6）、2.99~64.08（r=0.999 5）、2.69~57.66（r=0.999 1）范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系，平均回收率在93.23%~100.68%之间。结论：3批样品测定结果表明，建立的方法可以用于同时测定益气养阴合剂中10种成分的含量。     

口腔卫生与非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌关系研究

目的 研究口腔卫生状况与非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌的关系。 方法 收集2012年10月－2017年9月我院口腔颌面外科经术后病理确诊的非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌患者162例,同期选取在该院体检的214位非吸烟非饮酒健康女性作为对照组。口腔卫生考察指标包括刷牙频率、牙齿缺失数、口腔不良修复体、规律性看牙医、复发性口腔溃疡。应用多因素logistic回归模型分析口腔卫生评分与非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌的关联。 结果 刷牙频率<2次/d、牙齿缺失≥5颗、有口腔不良修复体、无规律性看牙医、有复发性口腔溃疡是非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌的危险因素(均P<0.05),OR(95%CI)值分别为1.49(1.09~2.08)、1.80(1.16~2.84)、1.51(1.04~2.23)、1.74(1.16~2.57)、7.29(3.98~13.35)。多因素 logistic回归模型分析结果显示,口腔卫生评分与非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌发生存在关联,分值越大,危险程度就越高(χ²=24.179,P<0.001)。 结论 口腔卫生状况与非吸烟非饮酒女性口腔癌发生具有一定的关系     

右归丸经IL-6/STAT3信号通路对膝骨关节炎模型大鼠软骨组织退变的调控机制

目的:观察右归丸对膝骨关节炎(KOA)模型鼠软骨组织信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)表达水平的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、硫酸氨基葡萄糖组、右归丸高、中、低剂量组,每组10只。采用改良Hulth法制备大鼠KOA模型,假手术组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,右归丸高、中、低剂量组分别给予右归丸4.8,2.4,1.2 g·kg^-1灌胃,硫酸氨基葡萄糖组给予硫酸氨基葡萄糖0.17 g·kg^-1灌胃,连续给药8周。干预结束24 h后股动脉采血处死各组大鼠,取鼠膝关节软骨,采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察各组软骨的病理改变,并进行Mankin评分;免疫组化法检测各组关节软骨组织中STAT3,超氧化物歧化酶3(SOD3)和Wnt抑制因子1(WIF1)的表达;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测软骨组织中IL-6 mRNA的表达;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组关节软骨组中WIF1蛋白的表达。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠软骨组织Makin评分明显升高,软骨组织STAT3在蛋白水平上的表达明显增加和IL-6 mRNA水平上的表达显著增加,WIF1在蛋白水平上的表达显著降低(P<0.01);模型组关节软骨边缘严重破坏,软骨细胞排列紊乱。与模型组比较,右归丸高剂量干预组大鼠软骨组织Makin评分,STAT3的在蛋白水平上的表达明显降低,右归丸各干预组IL-6 mRNA水平上的表达显著降低,WIF1在蛋白水平上的表达显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),软骨结构趋于正常,软骨细胞分布仅偶见不均,关节软骨表面欠光滑。结论:右归丸能显著改善KOA大鼠的关节软骨退变,抑制KOA中软骨组织的炎症反应,这可能与其抑制STAT3和IL-6的表达有关。     

新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体抑制胃癌新生血管生成的实验研究

目的:探讨新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体对胃癌新生血管生成的影响。方法:化学合成GX1二聚体、GX1单体、对照肽二聚体，CCK-8实验、管状结构形成实验、迁移实验研究GX1二聚体对胃癌血管内皮细胞（co-HUVEC）增殖、微管形成、迁移能力的影响，流式细胞学技术分析其对细胞周期分布和凋亡的影响。结果:CCK-8结果显示，GX1二聚体与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，100~200 μmol/L可抑制co-HUVEC增殖，具有统计学差异（P<0.05），并呈剂量依赖性，GX1二聚体较单体抑制作用增强，并有统计学差异（P<0.05）。管状结构形成实验、细胞损伤迁移实验结果显示，与对照肽二聚体及对照组PBS 相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体，均可抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移，且二聚体抑制作用强于单体；对照肽二聚体仅有轻微的抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移。流式细胞术分析显示，与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体均可诱导细胞凋亡（P<0.05），且GX1二聚体的诱导作用强于GX1单体（P<0.05），而对细胞周期分布则无明显影响。结论:GX1二聚体和GX1单体均可抑制胃癌新生血管内皮细胞增殖、微管形成、迁移能力及诱导凋亡，且GX1二聚体较GX1单体作用增强。GX1二聚体有望代替单体成为胃癌新生血管靶向治疗小肽类药物。     

Radiotherapy in combination with systemic therapies for brain metastases: current status and progress

Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common cause of intracranial neoplasms in adults with poor prognosis. Most BMs originate from lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. Radiotherapy (RT), including whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiation surgery (SRS), has been widely explored and is considered a mainstay anticancer treatment for BMs. Over the past decade, the advent of novel systemic therapies has revolutionized the treatment of BMs. In this context, there is a strong rationale for using a combination of treatments based on RT, with the aim of achieving both local disease control and extracranial disease control. This review focuses on describing the latest progress in RT as well as the synergistic effects of the optimal combinations of RT and systemic treatment modalities for BMs, to provide perspectives on current treatments.     

益智仁化学成分研究

目的研究益智Alpinia oxyphylla仁的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、MCI柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、重结晶、半制备液相进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从益智仁95%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离并鉴定16个化合物,分别鉴定为邻苯二甲酸-双(2′-乙基庚基)酯(1)、(E)-1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4″-hydroxyphenyl)-hept-4-en-3-one(2)、5-hydroxy-7-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone(3)、1β,4β,7β-trihydroxyeudesmane(4)、bullatantriol(5)、1,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptanes(6)、1-tetratriacontanol(7)、dihydrogingerenone B(8)、杨芽黄素(9)、白杨素(10)、oxyphyllenone B(11)、(1R,4R,10R)-1β,4α-dihydroxy-11,12,13-trinor-5,6-eudesmen-7-one(12)、胡萝卜苷(13)、1-(4′-羟基苯基)-7-(3″-甲氧基-4″-羟基苯基)-4-烯-3-庚酮(14)、益智酮甲(15)、5-dehydroxy-hexahydro-demethoxycurcumin B(16)。结论其中化合物1、2、4～8为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Epidemiological and clinical comparisons of paediatric and adult sporotrichosis in Jilin Province,China

Sporotrichosis is endemic in Jilin Province of Northeast China. While paediatric cases make a substantial contribution to the epidemiological profile of sporotrichosis, the differences in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of sporotrichosis between paediatric and adult patients remain unclear. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 2968 cases of sporotrichosis (2113 adult patients aged ≥ 15 years and 855 paediatric patients aged < 15 years) over a nine-year period (01/01/2010-31/12/2018-). All the patients were diagnosed with sporotrichosis based on fungal culture of material from a skin lesion. In paediatric patients, the male:female ratio was 1.3:1, the incidence of sporotrichosis in the cold seasons was high (79.0%), most lesions occurred in the facial region (92.2%), and there was a preponderance of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis (86.8%). In adult patients, the male:female ratio was 1:2.4, the incidence of sporotrichosis in the cold seasons was 66.0%, most lesions affected the extremities (48.6%) and the face (44.9%), and fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis was common (69.3%). The results indicate there were significant differences in the distribution of paediatric and adult sporotrichosis patients by sex, season with the highest occurrence of sporotrichosis, lesion sites and clinical types. Our results suggest that the epidemiology and clinical manifestations between paediatric and adult patients were different, and the route of infection of sporotrichosis in children may differ from that of adults in Jilin Province.     

Association of heart rate and diabetes among 0.5 million adults in the China Kadoorie biobank: Results from observational and Mendelian randomization analyses

Background and aimsObservational studies have associated resting heart rate with incident diabetes. Whether the associations are causal remains unclear. We aimed to examine the shape and strength of the associations and assessed the causal relevance of such associations in Chinese adults.Methods and resultsThe China Kadoorie Biobank enrolled 512,891 adults in China. Cox proportional hazard regression models was conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations of resting heart rate with type 2 diabetes and total diabetes. Among 92,724 participants, 36 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to resting heart rate were used to construct genetic risk score. We used Mendelian randomization analyses to make the causal inferences. During a median follow-up of 9 years, 7872 incident type 2 diabetes and 13,349 incident total diabetes were documented. After regression dilution bias adjustment, each 10 bpm higher heart rate was associated with about a 26% higher risk of type 2 diabetes (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.23, 1.29]) and 23% higher risk of total diabetes (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.20, 1.26]). Instrumental variable analyses showed participants at top quintile compared with those at bottom quintile had 30% higher risk for type 2 diabetes (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.17, 1.43]), and 10% higher risk for total diabetes (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02, 1.20]).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that resting heart rate is an important risk factor for diabetes risk. The results suggest that novel treatment approaches targeting reduction of high heart rate for incidence of diabetes may be worth further investigation.     

Recognition of moyamoya disease and its hemorrhagic risk using deep learning algorithms:sourced from retrospective studies

Although intracranial hemorrhage in moyamoya disease can occur repeatedly, predicting the disease is difficult. Deep learning algorithms developed in recent years provide a new angle for identifying hidden risk factors, evaluating the weight of different factors, and quantitatively evaluating the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in moyamoya disease. To investigate whether convolutional neural network algorithms can be used to recognize moyamoya disease and predict hemorrhagic episodes, we retrospectively selected 460 adult unilateral hemispheres with moyamoya vasculopathy as positive samples for diagnosis modeling, including 418 hemispheres with moyamoya disease and 42 hemispheres with moyamoya syndromes. Another 500 hemispheres with normal vessel appearance were selected as negative samples. We used deep residual neural network(Res Net-152) algorithms to extract features from raw data obtained from digital subtraction angiography of the internal carotid artery, then trained and validated the model. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the model in identifying unilateral moyamoya vasculopathy were 97.64 ± 0.87%, 96.55 ± 3.44%, and 98.29 ± 0.98%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.990. We used a combined multi-view conventional neural network algorithm to integrate age, sex, and hemorrhagic factors with features of the digital subtraction angiography. The accuracy of the model in predicting unilateral hemorrhagic risk was 90.69 ± 1.58% and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.12 ± 2.75% and 89.86 ± 3.64%, respectively. The deep learning algorithms we proposed were valuable and might assist in the automatic diagnosis of moyamoya disease and timely recognition of the risk for re-hemorrhage. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China(approved No. 2014-278) on January 12, 2015.